What was the eraser made of, and how did the materials utilized contribute to its efficacy and popularity? Considering the myriad of substances available throughout history, one might ponder which specific elements were chosen in the crafting of this seemingly simple yet profoundly impactful tool. Could it be that early variations of the eraser, such as those created in the late 18th century by individuals like Edward Nairne, incorporated natural rubber or perhaps other organic compounds? It raises a fascinating question: were these materials sourced from the environment, or did innovators seek synthetic alternatives to enhance durability and usability?
Moreover, how did the composition of erasers evolve over time in response to the growing demands of artists and scribes alike? As we delve deeper into this inquiry, we must also consider the implications of manufacturing techniques during various periods. Were artisans of the past limited by their technological constraints, or did they cleverly adapt materials to maximize performance? Is there a particular era that stands out for its revolutionary advancements in eraser composition? Such inquiries beckon us to explore the intersection of artistry, innovation, and the practical functions of everyday objects. In addressing the construction of the eraser, we unearth a rich tapestry of historical significance, materials science, and creative ingenuity that challenges our assumptions about this unassuming writing companion.
Eraser, also known as a rubber in the British English, has a quite intriguing history. The conception of erasers, as we know them today, began when Joseph Priestley discovered in 1770 that pieces of a certain New World tree could be used to remove pencil marks - this was the initial discovery of natRead more
Eraser, also known as a rubber in the British English, has a quite intriguing history. The conception of erasers, as we know them today, began when Joseph Priestley discovered in 1770 that pieces of a certain New World tree could be used to remove pencil marks – this was the initial discovery of natural rubber’s erasing properties. The species of tree was later named Hevea brasiliensis, or the rubber tree, which provided a sap that acted as the prime raw material.
Edward Nairne, English engineer cum optician, was the first to market this discovery in the form of a rubber eraser in 1770, accelerating the product’s popularity. The eraser’s ability to remove pencil marks with minimal damage to the paper contributed to its instant acceptance. However, since unprocessed rubber degrades quickly and has an unpleasant smell, it wasn’t flawless.
The pressing problem of natural rubber degradation was solved when Charles Goodyear discovered vulcanization in 1839 – a process that treated rubber with sulfur and heat making it weather-resistant and durable. This significantly improved the quality of erasers and solidified their place in history.
Over time, manufacturers incorporated additional materials like pumice, factice, and vegetable oil, among others. These materials enhanced the eraser’s attributes such as abrasion for better removal of the graphite and pliability for ease of use. The eraser has, indeed, evolved not from a single material but rather a blend of
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